standard for string quartet (classical period)also.finale: allegro or presto (either sonata or rondo form).Sometimes exact, sometimes slight variance.Four sections of the sonata form – in sequence:.may appear in finale – in pace of rondo form.false recap – allows listener to think the piece is ending.symbols ||: and :|| – indicate that the opening section is repeated.ex clip: Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (1787 4 movements written for street musicians.believed in quality over quantity – bc of self freedom.shunned by the aristocracy bc of ill manner.would bend the rules to grab audience attention.his deviation is recognized through his earlier and later writings.had famous dispute with Archbishop of Salzburg.father: Leopold Mozart was also composer, Mozart was his student.composed 41 symphonies before death at age 35.created by Haydn to “awaken those guests who had, after a filling meal, fallen asleep during the evening’s entertainment”.conclusion holds extremely loud chord produced by timpani drum.created music joke for audience – hence “surprise” symphony.stands independently as a comp for solo instruments.Andante – creating an opening melody, then manipulating it through a set of variations, changing instrumentation, rhythm, color, key, etc.composed 6 more symphonies(#s99-104) upon returning.composed 6 symphony’s (#93-98) while on vacation in London.would make fun of tradition or royalty through music.winds and brasses were able to gain prominence in his writings.prince’s guests would commonly dance along to the music.minuet was preferred style (minuet was Hungarian and Austrian nobles fav).3rd movement: dance “suite-like” – *minuet*.outer movement : fast with final rondo form.Prince Nicholas Esterhazy enjoyed music and was a great influence on Haydn’s music.remained a servant signing a contract to compose music as ordered.received many favors at the court of Esterhazy.later compositions contained 4 movements.earlier compositions contained 3 movements (similar to concerto).In the history of art, arts patronage refers to the support that kings, popes and the wealthy have provided to artists such as musicians, painters, and sculptors. Patronage- the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another.social change experienced reflected through music, as well as relationships with patrons and public.time of change and advancement musically and through art despite era.symphonies of Hayden different than Beethoven.Beethoven and romantic period introduced other drums, cymbals and percussion instruments.chord reinforcment, sense of life and vitality through rhythm.only timpani (kettle drums) in classical period.rarely used for melodies due to limitation (valves).provides substance by way of weight and body.primary job: strength and power to create dramatic effect.2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons.specific role assignment 1st violins: melody 2nd violins and violas: harmony Cellos and Basses: bass.central presence = “heart of the orchestra”.balanced string ensemble enhanced by woodwind and brass.introducing elements of the concerto grosso and the suite.influence in composition and in ensemble.little difference between philharmonics, (symphony, philharmonic, chamber) orchestras.type of musical comp or group that plays it examples: string quartet, chorus.in musical composition context – hold specific place and has specific characteristics in classical period.